The WHO-UNICEF statement focus on the future of VVM with the following: Inclusion of VVMs in all tender documents by self-producing countries, inclusion of VVBs in all vaccine donations and VVM based vaccine management for all countries.

This study finds that vaccine wastage due to cold chain failure or expiryis zero and the immunization coverage is also high which stresses the need to minimize the wastage.
Unlike rural areas in India, where there are  grass root level health workers for every 1000 population, (known as Accredited Social Health Activists  and Anganwadi
workers)who help in identifying the unimmunized and mobilizing the eligible children, in urban areas there is a shortage of grass root level workers. Mobilizing the
eligible children with the help of community mobilizers and organizing the immunization sessions in collaboration with government, private clinics in the locality will help
to reduce the wastage. The authors recommend that vaccine wastage
estimations should be done routinely to assess the loss due to wastage like any other vital statistics like birth rate and death rate.

Vaccine vial monitors (VVMs) are small stickers that adhere to vaccine vials and change color as the vaccine is exposed to heat, letting health workers know whether the vaccine can be safely used for immunization. This fact sheet answers the most frequently asked questions regarding VVMs.

Publication date: January 2011